Introduction
Acute and subacute toxicity studies in animals primarily assess the safety of the test substance to organisms under short- and medium-term exposure.

Acute toxicity studies observe animal survival, behavioral, and physiological changes after a single or short-term high-dose exposure; subacute toxicity studies administer multiple doses over a continuous period of 28 days or longer to assess organ toxicity, changes in blood and biochemical parameters, and to provide a basis for safe dosing and risk assessment.